The permanent opposition party, the Italian Communist Party (PCI), was unable to take advantage of the DC crisis to become the alternative. It had suffered progressive wear since the 1970s (like almost all other Western communist parties) and the fall of the Soviet bloc ended any hope of recovery: it was refounded as the Democratic Party of the Left, without being able to consolidate a new culture. of the left in Italian society. The DC and the PCI were the two great political intermediaries of the Italian republic. When both failed, for different reasons, the party system collapsed and a great vacuum was created.
It was then that an anti-establishment south africa phone number list leader emerged who anticipated many of the phenomena that advanced countries have experienced in the last 15 years. Silvio Berlusconi was the first successful anti-politician: a businessman with great media power who launched into politics promising to repeat his business success from State institutions and who unceremoniously denounced the rottenness and ineffectiveness of the traditional political class.
In the 1994 elections he was in first position, with 21% of the votes. From then until 2011, Italian politics was dominated by Berlusconi and his party Forza Italia (although he was not in power all that time, he ruled from 1994-1995, 2001-2006, and 2008-2011). In 2011, in the midst of a critical situation (debt crisis, risk of troika intervention), various parliamentary maneuvers forced Berlusconi to resign, giving way to a first technocratic government headed by Mario Monti, a favorable orthodox economist. to austerity policies. In 2013 Monti stood for election, already as a politician, and only obtained 9.1% of the vote. The technocratic experience was a brief hiatus. With the electorate deprived of credible intermediaries, a new formation appeared, even more antipolitical than Berlusconi, led by the Italian comedian Beppe Grillo, the 5 Star Movement.